Floating units Archives - Pietro Fiorentini https://www.fiorentini.com/en/category/applications/applications-natural-gas-and-oil-production/natural-gas-production/floating-units/ Thu, 05 Sep 2024 08:44:06 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.5 Trunnion ball valves https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/oilgas-trunnion-ball-valves/oil-trunnion-ball-valves/ Wed, 29 May 2024 13:27:38 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=32916 The trunnion ball valve of Pietro Fiorentiniis a valve mounted on a trunnion which supports the pressure load. The seats are spring energized, and the body construction is one piece, made by forging or casting. The ball is inserted from the top and it’s possible to disassembly the valve in line. The trunnion ball valve […]

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The trunnion ball valve of Pietro Fiorentiniis a valve mounted on a trunnion which supports the pressure load. The seats are spring energized, and the body construction is one piece, made by forging or casting. The ball is inserted from the top and it’s possible to disassembly the valve in line.

The trunnion ball valve is one of the possible types of on-off ball valves, that are shutoff valves suitable for use in various types of processes, available in different pressure classes.

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Floating ball valves https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/oilgas-floating-ball-valves-oil-and-natural-gas-production/oil-floating-ball-valves/ Wed, 29 May 2024 12:47:54 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=32912 The floating ball valve is a kind of valve in whichthe ball is not rigidly held on its rotational axis and so is free to float between seats. Sealing is achieved by the action of the pressure, which pushes the ball against a seat and the body construction is two pieces, bolted joint, made by […]

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The floating ball valve is a kind of valve in whichthe ball is not rigidly held on its rotational axis and so is free to float between seats. Sealing is achieved by the action of the pressure, which pushes the ball against a seat and the body construction is two pieces, bolted joint, made by forging, forged or rolled bar.

The floating ball valve is one of the possible types of on-off ball valves, that are shutoff valves suitable for use in various types of processes, available in different pressure classes.

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Flowatch 3i https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/multiphase-flow-metering/flowatch-3i/ Fri, 12 May 2023 05:47:12 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/solutions/flowatch-copy/ Multiphase flow meter Flowatch 3i fulfills the essential requirements of well testing as a simple device to constantly monitor output stream of each single phase. The Flowatch 3i is based on the 15+ years field proven technology platform of Pietro Fiorentini mutiphase flow meters. Installation and maintenance of the multiphase flow meters have been developed […]

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Multiphase flow meter Flowatch 3i fulfills the essential requirements of well testing as a simple device to constantly monitor output stream of each single phase. The Flowatch 3i is based on the 15+ years field proven technology platform of Pietro Fiorentini mutiphase flow meters.

Installation and maintenance of the multiphase flow meters have been developed to allow operators manage themselves their well flow monitoring device. In addition, the Flowatch 3i has essential advantage of not employing any radioactive source, avoiding every single documentation, importation and handling issues.

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Spare parts support https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/spare-parts/spare-parts-support/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 12:03:31 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1469 Pietro Fiorentini After Sales Department provides original and high quality spare parts support service ready for a fast delivery all over the world, together with a dedicated technical service to help the customer finding the right replacement for every need.

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Pietro Fiorentini After Sales Department provides original and high quality spare parts support service ready for a fast delivery all over the world, together with a dedicated technical service to help the customer finding the right replacement for every need.

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Tailored courses https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/training-courses/tailored-courses/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 12:02:48 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1468 Pietro Fiorentini provides tailored courses to its customers, adapting the training programs to specific requirements. These courses are available in every language and are specifically designed by our Training Department together with the customer to develop a focused learning path in accordance with the specific professional and technological needs.Tailored courses can be held in our […]

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Pietro Fiorentini provides tailored courses to its customers, adapting the training programs to specific requirements. These courses are available in every language and are specifically designed by our Training Department together with the customer to develop a focused learning path in accordance with the specific professional and technological needs.
Tailored courses can be held in our PF Gas Academy in Arcugnano (Vicenza), by the customer’s premises or online.

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Geochemical characterization https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/geochemical-services/geochemical-characterization/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 12:01:49 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1466 All technical and economic decisions in the oil industry depend on an understanding of the fluid properties. The geochemical characterization service by Pietro Fiorentini allows companies to optimize field development programs and production allocation.We offer a technical service to predict H2S and CO2 concentrations in gas from traces of residual condensate in (side wall) core. […]

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All technical and economic decisions in the oil industry depend on an understanding of the fluid properties. The geochemical characterization service by Pietro Fiorentini allows companies to optimize field development programs and production allocation.
We offer a technical service to predict H2S and CO2 concentrations in gas from traces of residual condensate in (side wall) core. This service provides oil companies with a detailed and accurate understanding of the fluid compositions in gas fields with compositional gradients.

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Operations & maintenance https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/on-site-services/operations-maintenance/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:57:23 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1456 In every phase of the process Pietro Fiorentini grants the efficiency of the plants with every kind of operation and maintenance, scheduled or on call, made by professional personnel.We follow every plant in all its phases, offering our services to ensure continuity, efficiency, quality, low cost management of all the requested and provided actions by […]

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In every phase of the process Pietro Fiorentini grants the efficiency of the plants with every kind of operation and maintenance, scheduled or on call, made by professional personnel.
We follow every plant in all its phases, offering our services to ensure continuity, efficiency, quality, low cost management of all the requested and provided actions by scheduled maintenance and functional tests to the gas pressure reducing stations, mechanical overhaul of reducing lines (SSV, PCV,PSV, etc.), flue gas emission and overhaul of Water Bath Heater (burner, fuel gas ramp, BMS panel, etc.).

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Water bath heater supervision of inspection https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/on-site-services/water-bath-heater-supervision-of-inspection/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:56:36 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1455 The Water Bath Heater supervision of inspection service by Pietro Fiorentini, according to drawings and design codes, can verify the efficiency of WBH, flue gas emission, water quality, and dimensional check of the following key components:

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The Water Bath Heater supervision of inspection service by Pietro Fiorentini, according to drawings and design codes, can verify the efficiency of WBH, flue gas emission, water quality, and dimensional check of the following key components:

  • process coil, that will be removed in case of damage only;
  • fire tube (furnace), that will be removed;
  • stack, that will be disassembled.
    This activity includes flue gas emission check by using a certified portable instrument, decommissioning, supervision of inspection and commissioning.

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Site survey https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/on-site-services/site-survey/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:55:41 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1454 Pietro Fiorentini’s service field engineering teams conduct full site surveys and provide conditions reports for all equipments installed in the plant.Site surveys also includes reviews of customer training needs and spare stock levels recommendation.

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Pietro Fiorentini’s service field engineering teams conduct full site surveys and provide conditions reports for all equipments installed in the plant.
Site surveys also includes reviews of customer training needs and spare stock levels recommendation.

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Supervision, pre-commissioning, commissioning, start up https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/on-site-services/supervision-pre-commissioning-commissioning-start-up/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:54:38 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1453 Our main target is supervising the mechanical and electrical installation of all functional units of the plant.Once all the supervision is checked, Pietro Fiorentini provides the commissioning of all equipment of the plant in accordance with the relevant specs, drawings, codes of practice and international regulations.

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Our main target is supervising the mechanical and electrical installation of all functional units of the plant.
Once all the supervision is checked, Pietro Fiorentini provides the commissioning of all equipment of the plant in accordance with the relevant specs, drawings, codes of practice and international regulations.

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Modularization https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/engineering-services/modularization/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:46:24 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1438 Oil and Gas plants are complex entities. Handling all the aspects involved in treatment, processing, regulation and measurement of fossil fuels is a matter of knowledge that spans through dozens of different fields. Chemical, mechanical, electronic and electrical engineering are just some of the subjects involved in these massive projects.The Human Resources Department of Pietro […]

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Oil and Gas plants are complex entities. Handling all the aspects involved in treatment, processing, regulation and measurement of fossil fuels is a matter of knowledge that spans through dozens of different fields. Chemical, mechanical, electronic and electrical engineering are just some of the subjects involved in these massive projects.
The Human Resources Department of Pietro Fiorentini has gathered all the required professionals that cover these topics, and thanks to both decades of experience and adaptive management frameworks they can find a solution for the most demanding undertaking.
Modularization is considered the key factor for the successful implementation of those projects where the significant reduction of the site construction period is required or where the remote location does not allow to easily hire qualified personnel on-site. Modularization works are executed in a yard conveniently located nearby a harbour to ease transportation activities. The modules are usually supplied complete of steel structures, equipment, piping, instrumentation, electrical tracing, lighting and grounding materials, thermal insulation and painting. Cabling and cable trays are included within module’s battery limits. Hydraulic test and pre-commissioning activities will also be carried out at shop before modules delivery.

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Engineering Procurement & Construction Management (EPCM) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/engineering-services/engineering-procurement-construction-management-epcm/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:45:43 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1437 Together with the traditional EPC formula, Pietro Fiorentini may provide Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management projects (EPCM). Our engineering skills, together with our management capabilities give the best solution in terms of flexibility for the customer.On top, our partners may rely on Pietro Fiorentini’s worldwide service network: a highly skilled team of service specialists that […]

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Together with the traditional EPC formula, Pietro Fiorentini may provide Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management projects (EPCM). Our engineering skills, together with our management capabilities give the best solution in terms of flexibility for the customer.
On top, our partners may rely on Pietro Fiorentini’s worldwide service network: a highly skilled team of service specialists that ensure on time support online and on-site, for both scheduled and extraordinary plant management and maintenance.

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Engineering Procurement & Construction (EPC) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/engineering-services/engineering-procurement-construction-epc/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:45:15 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1436 Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contracts are one of the most widespread type of contract used to commit works in the Oil & Gas industry.Thanks to the engineering capabilities based in Milan and Vicenza offices, to the manufacturing premises in Vicenza and to the capillary network of service officers all around the world, Pietro Fiorentini […]

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Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contracts are one of the most widespread type of contract used to commit works in the Oil & Gas industry.
Thanks to the engineering capabilities based in Milan and Vicenza offices, to the manufacturing premises in Vicenza and to the capillary network of service officers all around the world, Pietro Fiorentini ensures to its customers detailed design projects, solid and fast deliveries on-site, supervision of construction activiities on-site by coordinating civil, mechanical and electrical works, and finally we carry out pre-commissioning and commissioning activities before performing the Site Acceptance Test that demonstates compliance with contractual performance guarantees. In one word, we can successfully deliver turnkey plants.

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Front end engineering design https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/engineering-services/front-end-engineering-design/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:44:20 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1435 Front end engineering design (FEED) is an engineering design framework used for an in-depth check of a project cost. The main target of this approach is to analyse project requirements, fix a design basis, freeze the process design and involve all main subvendors. At the end of this execise the FEED provides a detailed cost […]

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Front end engineering design (FEED) is an engineering design framework used for an in-depth check of a project cost. The main target of this approach is to analyse project requirements, fix a design basis, freeze the process design and involve all main subvendors. At the end of this execise the FEED provides a detailed cost summary, that will allow contractors and suppliers to issue a firm quotation.
FEED process is handled by Pietro Fiorentini multidisciplinary team that takes into consideration all important aspects related to the project. Main objectives include definition of civil, mechanical and process engineering, carry out preliminary HAZOP & SIL, prepare main equipment list and data sheet of critical items, develop 2D & 3D preliminary models and finally automation strategy.
The main scope of FEED is to deliver a clear picture of all project constraints, i.e. technical aspects, safety & environmental issues and accordingly a deep evaluation of capital and operation costs.

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Feasibility studies https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/services/engineering-services/feasibility-studies/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:43:30 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1434 Pietro Fiorentini is able to develop preliminary feasibility studies for various projects in the natural gas and renewable energy field. Our process solutions range in the entire supply chain, from upstream to downstream and including also the final distribution.Our team of proposals, cost estimators and engineers is able to evaluate all the aspects that have […]

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Pietro Fiorentini is able to develop preliminary feasibility studies for various projects in the natural gas and renewable energy field. Our process solutions range in the entire supply chain, from upstream to downstream and including also the final distribution.
Our team of proposals, cost estimators and engineers is able to evaluate all the aspects that have to be addressed in the feasibility study:

  • functional and technical aspects;
  • analysis of specific site requirements (availabable utilities, revamping within existing units, etc.);
  • environmental constraints (environmental limitations or similar);
  • economical features of the project, including analysys of CAPEX, OPEX and ROI.

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HIPPS https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/gas-infrastructure/gas-pressure-protection/hipps/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:16:34 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1402 High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS) by Pietro Fiorentini are mechanical and electrical solutions designed in order to reduce the chance that the pressure will exceed the tolerable allowable level.These systems are used in the Oil & Gas industries to provide pressure protection of pipelines, piping, vessels and process packages against over pressure, allowing the […]

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High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS) by Pietro Fiorentini are mechanical and electrical solutions designed in order to reduce the chance that the pressure will exceed the tolerable allowable level.
These systems are used in the Oil & Gas industries to provide pressure protection of pipelines, piping, vessels and process packages against over pressure, allowing the use of lower design pressure downstream.
Compared to conventional overpressure protection design standards that are based on relief devices (relief valves and rupture disks) that discharge to atmosphere, HIPPS has the great advantage to allow lower pressure rating downstream and to avoid discharge of natural gas to atmosphere.

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Gas fractionation units https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-fractionation-units/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:12:43 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1388 Gas fractionation units by Pietro Fiorentini are used either to refine multiple products or to maximize the purity of a single valuable component.Depending on the natural gas composition, the liquid HC phase recovered from LTS or Silica Gel units may be further treated to separate valuable products by distillation. Example of them are:

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Gas fractionation units by Pietro Fiorentini are used either to refine multiple products or to maximize the purity of a single valuable component.
Depending on the natural gas composition, the liquid HC phase recovered from LTS or Silica Gel units may be further treated to separate valuable products by distillation. Example of them are:

  • demethanized product (C2+);
  • deethanized product (C3+);
  • ethane/propane mixtures (EP);
  • commercial propane;
  • propane/butane mixture (LPG);
  • butane(s);
  • butane/gasoline mixtures;
  • stabilized gasoline/condensate.

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Gas dehydration units with fixed bed technology (molecular sieves and aluminas) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-dehydration-units-with-fixed-bed-technology-molecular-sieves-and-aluminas/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:12:01 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1387 Water contained in natural gas has to be removed for various reasons: avoid hydrate formation and corrosion, and achieve the required dew point for liquefaction. Hydrate formation would lead to clogging of equipment and components. This free water phase might also contain portions of acid gas (H2S or CO2), thus increasing corrosion effects downstream: this […]

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Water contained in natural gas has to be removed for various reasons: avoid hydrate formation and corrosion, and achieve the required dew point for liquefaction. Hydrate formation would lead to clogging of equipment and components. This free water phase might also contain portions of acid gas (H2S or CO2), thus increasing corrosion effects downstream: this is the reason why natural gas shall be dehydrated.
Gas dehydration units with fixed bed technology (molecular sieves and aluminas) can adsorb impurities by a solid desiccant. Dew points obtained by molecular sieve technology easily go beyond values achieved with Glycol or Low Temperature Separation (LTS) technology: water content achieved with this technology will be as low as 1 ppm vol.
Adsorbent media are usually molecular sieve beds 4A or 3A: the selection depends on gas composition (CO2 and H2S concentration), and required lifetime of the bed.
Typical applications of these systems are gas treatment plants upstream deethanizers and LPG recovery units upstream liquefaction units, or they can be used for re-injection into wells.

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Water and hydrocarbon dew point control units (Silica gel) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/water-and-hydrocarbon-dew-point-control-units-silica-gel/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:11:35 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1386 Water and hydrocarbon dew point control units based on Silica Gel adsorbent technology have the great advantage of providing both water and hydrocarbon dew point with only one adsorbent bed. Silica Gel pore diameter is higher compared to the one of molecular sieves: its particular characteristics allow to adsorb not only water, but also heavy […]

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Water and hydrocarbon dew point control units based on Silica Gel adsorbent technology have the great advantage of providing both water and hydrocarbon dew point with only one adsorbent bed. Silica Gel pore diameter is higher compared to the one of molecular sieves: its particular characteristics allow to adsorb not only water, but also heavy hydrocarbons.
The principle of operation is based on Temperature Swing Adsorption, i.e adsorption of water/hydrocarbons occurs at ambient temperature; when the bed gets saturated with water or heavy hydrocarbons, it has to be regenerated with wet gas at high temperature.
Unless very low pressure drops are imposed by the process, the performance is achieved without rotating machines and consequently with low maintenance costs: this is possible because regeneration can be accomplished with wet regeneration gas, that is recycled to the main process stream by means of a pressure control valve.
All these features make this technology very reliable when continuous injection of gas according to specifications into the pipeline is required. In many cases, Silica Gel plants represent the best compromise in terms of CAPEX, OPEX and reliability.

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Hydrocarbon recovery / LTS dew point control units https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/hydrocarbon-recovery-lts-dew-point-control-units/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:11:19 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1385 The hydrocarbon recovery from natural gas streams can be obtained with LTS dew point control units.If sufficient pressure is available, the recovery of hydrocarbon can be accomplished by expansion refrigeration in a LTS (Low Temperature Separation) unit. This system uses the Joule-Thomson effect to reduce the gas temperature upon adiabatic expansion. To avoid hydrate formation […]

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The hydrocarbon recovery from natural gas streams can be obtained with LTS dew point control units.
If sufficient pressure is available, the recovery of hydrocarbon can be accomplished by expansion refrigeration in a LTS (Low Temperature Separation) unit. This system uses the Joule-Thomson effect to reduce the gas temperature upon adiabatic expansion. To avoid hydrate formation glycol or methanol are injected, thus the process can actually accomplish dew point control of both water and hydrocarbon in a single unit.
In case no excess pressure is available, low temperature can be achieved by using mechanical refrigeration systems.

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Gas dehydration packages with liquid media technology (TEG-DEG-MEG) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-dehydration-packages-with-liquid-media-technology-teg-deg-meg/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:11:04 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1384 Gas dehydration packages with liquid media technology (TEG-DEG-MEG) is the process used by Pietro Fiorentini to remove water from natural gas and from its liquids (NGLs). It is required to prevent formation of hydrates and condensation of free water in processing and transportation facilities, meet a water content specification, and finally prevent corrosion. Liquid desiccant […]

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Gas dehydration packages with liquid media technology (TEG-DEG-MEG) is the process used by Pietro Fiorentini to remove water from natural gas and from its liquids (NGLs). It is required to prevent formation of hydrates and condensation of free water in processing and transportation facilities, meet a water content specification, and finally prevent corrosion. Liquid desiccant dehydration equipment is simple to operate and maintain. It can easily be automated for unattended operation, e.g., glycol dehydration at a remote production facility. Triethylene Glycol (TEG), Diethylene Glycol (DEG) and Monoethylene Glycol (MEG) are used as liquid desiccants, but TEG is the most common for natural gas dehydration because of its stability and because its choice minimizes glycol losses.
Liquid desiccants can be used also for sour gases, but additional precautions in the design are needed due to the solubility of the acid gases in the desiccant solution. The dry outlet gas specification obtained in TEG dehydration units is in the range of 3 to 7 lb water/MMSCF gas.

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H2S removal units with solid bed technology https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/h2s-removal-units-with-solid-bed-technology/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:10:40 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1383 Before being sent to the transmission network, natural gas needs to be sweetened in order to meet the utilization standards: hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an undesired chemical molecule because it may corrode pipelines, equipments and instruments.H2S removal units with solid bed technology by Pietro FIorentini are very simple and reliable natural gas sweetening processes able […]

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Before being sent to the transmission network, natural gas needs to be sweetened in order to meet the utilization standards: hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an undesired chemical molecule because it may corrode pipelines, equipments and instruments.
H2S removal units with solid bed technology by Pietro FIorentini are very simple and reliable natural gas sweetening processes able to achieve a very fine purification with ultra-low contents of hydrogen sulfide. The element chemically reacts with a solid adsorbent, generating a stable solid and non-toxic product that can be easily and safely disposed of or even regenerated.

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H2S removal units with liquid redox https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/h2s-removal-units-with-liquid-redox/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:10:20 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1382 H2S removal with liquid redox system by Pietro Fiorentini is based on a reduction-oxidation reaction carried out in liquid phase, that converts hydrogen sulfide present in sour gas to elemental sulphur and water. The liquid phase reaction is enhanced by a solution of iron which is held in solution by organic chelating agents. The iron […]

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H2S removal with liquid redox system by Pietro Fiorentini is based on a reduction-oxidation reaction carried out in liquid phase, that converts hydrogen sulfide present in sour gas to elemental sulphur and water. The liquid phase reaction is enhanced by a solution of iron which is held in solution by organic chelating agents. The iron in the solution oxidizes the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur. The spent redox agent in the solution is then circulated to an oxidizer (reaction with air) and regenerated to be reused. Process forms solid sulphur particles that can be easily filtered from the solution.​
Liquid redox is commonly used when the gas stream has a high content of hydrogen sulfide, thus solid bed technology is not feasible. This technology is useful also when low gas flowrates result in a non-economic application of direct oxidation processes such as Claus.

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Gas mercury removal https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-mercury-removal/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:10:18 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1380 It is not unusual for gas streams to contain 1 to 10 micrograms/Nm3 (approx. 0.1 to 10 ppbv) of mercury. Mercury can attack aluminum in downstream brazed aluminium plate fin heat exchangers used in most modern cryogenic hydrocarbon recovery plants or liquefaction plants. The gas mercury removal system by Pietro Fiorentini uses a sulfur based […]

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It is not unusual for gas streams to contain 1 to 10 micrograms/Nm3 (approx. 0.1 to 10 ppbv) of mercury. Mercury can attack aluminum in downstream brazed aluminium plate fin heat exchangers used in most modern cryogenic hydrocarbon recovery plants or liquefaction plants. The gas mercury removal system by Pietro Fiorentini uses a sulfur based trapping material which reacts with the element to form cinnabar (HgS) on the bed.
The trapping material is carried on activated carbon,zeolite or alumina. Typically, mercury removal units are designed to remove the mercury to 0.001 micrograms/Nm3.
With a complete range of adsorbent designs coping with different levels of mercury contamination, Pietro Fiorentini provides a safe delivery of natural gas right after the wellhead.

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Gas sweetening units https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-sweetening-units/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:10:18 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1381 An acid gas is a mixture containing significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Hydrogen sulfide is extremely dangerous for human health and shall be handled with all necessary precautions to protect operators. Both acid gases lead to corrosion issues, especially in combination with free liquid water, but hydrogen sulfide requires a […]

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An acid gas is a mixture containing significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Hydrogen sulfide is extremely dangerous for human health and shall be handled with all necessary precautions to protect operators. Both acid gases lead to corrosion issues, especially in combination with free liquid water, but hydrogen sulfide requires a particularly careful evaluation of material selection for equipment and piping, as many metals are sensitive to sulfide stress cracking.
Gas sweetening units by Pietro Fiorentini are aimed to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide using liquid solutions of amines (organic compounds containing nitrogen).
The circulating media which absorb carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen sulfide could be MEA (monoethanolamine) or DEA (diethanolamine), MDEA (methyldiethanolamine) or formulated MDEA to comply with the required selectivity for the element. The residual acid content in the treated product can be reduced to values up to 5 ppm or lower.

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Gas purification by membranes https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-purification-by-membranes/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:09:45 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1379 In gas purification, membranes are used to separate components in natural gas such as water, CO2 and hydrocarbons according to their permeabilities. Each gas component entering the membrane unit has a characteristic permeation rate that is a function of its ability to dissolve in and diffuse through the membrane.The driving force for separation of a […]

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In gas purification, membranes are used to separate components in natural gas such as water, CO2 and hydrocarbons according to their permeabilities. Each gas component entering the membrane unit has a characteristic permeation rate that is a function of its ability to dissolve in and diffuse through the membrane.
The driving force for separation of a gas component in a mixture is the difference between its partial pressure across the membrane. As high pressure feed gas flows into the metal shell of the membrane unit, the fast components, such as water and CO2, permeate through the membrane.
This permeate stream is collected at a reduced pressure, while the retentate, i.e., the dry natural gas, leaves the separator at a slightly lower pressure than the feed.
Pietro Fiorentini offers this technology both in natural gas and in biogas purification applications.

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Gas heat exchangers (KSI) https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-heat-exchangers-ksi/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:09:17 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1378 KSI standard design has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to preheat upstream gas regulation sections, in order to compensate cooling due to Joule Thomson effect. The standard design is based on a vertical BEU configuration with gas flowing through the tubes and heating medium on the shell side.Pietro Fiorentini gas heat exchangers (KSI) are suitable […]

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KSI standard design has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to preheat upstream gas regulation sections, in order to compensate cooling due to Joule Thomson effect. The standard design is based on a vertical BEU configuration with gas flowing through the tubes and heating medium on the shell side.
Pietro Fiorentini gas heat exchangers (KSI) are suitable for natural gas, air, propane and other non-aggressive gases, and can be provided with hot, superheated water or steam as heating fluid, based on customer’s needs.
On demand, they can be equipped with pressure gauge and pressure switch, safety valve on tube or shell side and with air self-exhausting device.

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Gas indirect water/glycol bath heaters https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-indirect-water-glycol-bath-heaters/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:08:35 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1377 Gas indirect water/glycol bath heaters by Pietro Fiorentini have a wide variety of successful applications in oil & gas production, processing and transmission industry.Some of the most common applications include:

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Gas indirect water/glycol bath heaters by Pietro Fiorentini have a wide variety of successful applications in oil & gas production, processing and transmission industry.
Some of the most common applications include:

  • gas dew point heating to prevent condensation phenomena due to the Joule-Thomson effect;
  • heating of high-pressure natural gas pressure regulation or fuel gas super-heating for upstream gas turbines, to prevent external icing formation;
  • gas heating for downstream low temperature storages;
  • viscosity reduction, to facilitate degassing and dewatering of crude oil heating upstream treatments.
    These devices can be realized with forced draft and natural draft, with coils as per API 12K or with U tube bundles, with a highly variable duty ranging from 90 kW up to 12.5 MW.

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Gas filtering units https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/gas-treatment/gas-filtering-units/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 11:08:11 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1376 The stream of natural gas spans from the wellhead to the doorstep of each single end user, and the first task of each company operating along this path is to grant safety in each step. Ensuring a reliable gas transmission and distribution means injecting clean gas along the pipeline.Gas filtering units by Pietro Fiorentini are […]

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The stream of natural gas spans from the wellhead to the doorstep of each single end user, and the first task of each company operating along this path is to grant safety in each step. Ensuring a reliable gas transmission and distribution means injecting clean gas along the pipeline.
Gas filtering units by Pietro Fiorentini are designed to meet customer specifications and use the most suitable technology for every situation, such as:

  • gravity separation, where different phases of a mixed stream decant and form interface levels between phases due to gravity;
  • impingement separation, where a drop of liquid hits an obstacle and adheres to it, coalescing with other droplets;
  • centrifugation separation, where rotational effects and gravity are used to separate mixtures of solids and fluids (cyclones);
  • coalescing separation, where small droplets of non-gaseous media are removed from the gas through elements such as fiberglass cartridges.

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3-phase separators https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/oil-treatment/3-phase-separators/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:57:47 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1372 3-phase separators by Pietro Fiorentini are pressure vessels used to divide fluids into three phases: gas, oil and aqueous. They are usually designed to remove associated gas and oily water from crude oil, and after this first rough separation, oil can be sent to further treatment.They are designed with the principle that each phase has […]

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3-phase separators by Pietro Fiorentini are pressure vessels used to divide fluids into three phases: gas, oil and aqueous. They are usually designed to remove associated gas and oily water from crude oil, and after this first rough separation, oil can be sent to further treatment.
They are designed with the principle that each phase has a different density. The gas comes out from the top of the vessel, crude oil remains in the middle, while water settles down on the bottom together with any entrained solid (such as slugs, sand or debris). The two liquid phases need a specific residence time to allow the creation of two separate layers.
The selection of the internals depends on the characteristics of the incoming fluids: calming baffles, plate packs, water boot, vane or plate coalescers will be selected case by case. Thanks to its know how, Pietro Fiorentini can provide tailored solutions based on specific customers needs.

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Oil indirect water/glycol bath heaters https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/oil-treatment/oil-indirect-water-glycol-bath-heaters/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:57:37 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1371 Before being transported or before being sent to oil desalters, crude oil commonly needs to be heated. A higher oil temperature reduces oil viscosity, thus permitting fine separation and easing treatment processes or allowing an easier transportation afterwards.Pietro Fiorentini proposes oil indirect water/glycol bath heaters: compact and cost-effective solutions with an indirect fired bath heater. […]

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Before being transported or before being sent to oil desalters, crude oil commonly needs to be heated. A higher oil temperature reduces oil viscosity, thus permitting fine separation and easing treatment processes or allowing an easier transportation afterwards.
Pietro Fiorentini proposes oil indirect water/glycol bath heaters: compact and cost-effective solutions with an indirect fired bath heater. Process fluid is heated through a coil/bundle exchanger immersed in a water/glycol bath which is heated by the flue gases that are generated by the combustion system. The generated heat is transferred to the bath by means of a high temperature firetube (radiant section) and a return smoketube (convection section) that maximises the heat efficiency.

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Oil dehydrators and desalters https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/systems/systems-natural-gas-and-oil-production/oil-treatment/oil-dehydrators-and-desalters/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:57:23 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1370 Oil dehydrators and desalters by Pietro Fiorentini remove water and salts (brine) from crude oil, and this is usually one of the first steps in the oil refining process.If these compounds are not removed from the oil, several problems will arise in the treatment downstream: first of all, corrosion of process equipments. Moreover, high temperatures […]

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Oil dehydrators and desalters by Pietro Fiorentini remove water and salts (brine) from crude oil, and this is usually one of the first steps in the oil refining process.
If these compounds are not removed from the oil, several problems will arise in the treatment downstream: first of all, corrosion of process equipments. Moreover, high temperatures that occur in the downstream process could cause water hydrolysis with formation of hydrogen, which in turn may form hydrochloric acid by means of interactions with chlorines.
Oil desalter units by Pietro Fiorentini provide a reliable protection to the refinery plants, avoiding risks such as corrosions and clogging, while improving also the thermal exchange efficiency thanks to the reduction of heat exchangers fouling.

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Xtreme https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/multiphase-flow-metering/xtreme/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:18:41 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1363 The Xtreme Wetgas Meter has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to offer to the users a dedicated product to complete the range of metering solutions. It is a modular, non-intrusive, non-radioactive, inline system, providing real-time measurements of oil, water, and gas flow rates in Wetgas flow regimes (Lockhart- Martinelli < 0.3) without any separation or […]

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The Xtreme Wetgas Meter has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to offer to the users a dedicated product to complete the range of metering solutions.

It is a modular, non-intrusive, non-radioactive, inline system, providing real-time measurements of oil, water, and gas flow rates in Wetgas flow regimes (Lockhart- Martinelli < 0.3) without any separation or moving parts. It implements the latest state-of-the-art technologies such as the Velocity meter and the Microwave WLR meter. It works in single-phase and in multiphase streams, accurately measuring in Wetgas condition.

The flow rates of oil, water and gas are calculated combining the measurements of the differential pressure across the Venturi inlet and flow velocity to provide an even more reliable and robust measurement to our customers. The fluid velocity is measured by the Velocity meter and the mix density from the Venturi differential pressure. The Water-Cut is measured by the Microwave WLR meter.

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Totem https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/multiphase-flow-metering/mf-totem/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:18:19 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1362 The Totem has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to offer to the users a dedicated product to complete the range of metering solutions. It is a modular, non-intrusive, non-radioactive, inline system, providing real-time measurements of oil, water, and gas flow rates in whole flow regimes (GVF range 0-100%) without any separation or moving parts. It […]

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The Totem has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini to offer to the users a dedicated product to complete the range of metering solutions.

It is a modular, non-intrusive, non-radioactive, inline system, providing real-time measurements of oil, water, and gas flow rates in whole flow regimes (GVF range 0-100%) without any separation or moving parts. It implements the latest state-of-theart technologies such as the Velocity meter and the Microwave WLR meter. It works in single-phase and in multiphase streams, accurately measuring in 0-100% GVF condition.

The flow rates of oil, water and gas are calculated combining the measurements of the differential pressure across the Venturi inlet and flow velocity to provide an even more reliable and robust measurement to our customers. The fluid velocity is measured by the Velocity meter and the mix density from the Venturi differential pressure. The Water-Cut is measured by the Microwave WLR meter.

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Flowatch HS https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/products-oil-and-natural-gas-production/multiphase-flow-metering/flowatch-hs/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 10:17:44 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1360 Multiphase flow meter Flowatch HS (High Speed) fulfills the essential requirements of well testing as a simple device to constantly monitor well output stream of each single phase. The Flowatch HS multiphase flow meter in based on the 15+ years field proven technology platform of Pietro Fiorentini multiphase meters. Installation and maintenance of the multiphase […]

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Multiphase flow meter Flowatch HS (High Speed) fulfills the essential requirements of well testing as a simple device to constantly monitor well output stream of each single phase. The Flowatch HS multiphase flow meter in based on the 15+ years field proven technology platform of Pietro Fiorentini multiphase meters.

Installation and maintenance of the multiphase flow meters have been developed to allow operators manage themselves their well flow monitoring device. Furthermore, the Flowatch HS has the essential advantage of eploying a radioactive source so it is possible to reach high performances in terms of accuracy.

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Trunnion ball valves https://www.fiorentini.com/en/solutions/products/gas-products/valves/valves-trunnion-ball-valves/trunnion-ball-valves/ Thu, 04 Mar 2021 09:11:00 +0000 https://www.fiorentini.com/?p=1277 The ball of the floating valve is mounted on a trunnion which supports the pressure load. The seats are spring energized and the body construction is one piece, made by forging or casting. The ball is inserted from the top and it’s possible to disassembly the valve in line. Mainly used for high-pressure transmission systems […]

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The ball of the floating valve is mounted on a trunnion which supports the pressure load. The seats are spring energized and the body construction is one piece, made by forging or casting. The ball is inserted from the top and it’s possible to disassembly the valve in line.

Mainly used for high-pressure transmission systems and for medium pressure gas distribution networks, it can be used with natural gas and previously filtered non-corrosive gases.

The trunnion ball valves are Hydrogen Ready for NG-H2 blending.

For the Pietro Fiorentini Group, valves are produced by TIV Valves, a Group company specialized in the production of valves based in Rescaldina (MI). For more information visit the website.

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